Old Motorcycle Helmets Guide: History; Safety & Restoration

Are you interested in old motorcycle helmets? This guide dives into their history, safety considerations, and how to restore them. We’ll cover everything from vintage motorcycle helmets and antique motorcycle helmets to classic motorcycle helmets and retro motorcycle helmets, including how to approach old helmet restoration. The information includes helmet safety standards history, motorcycle helmet collecting, understanding helmet shell materials, helmet liner replacement, and how to find the right helmet sizing guide vintage.

Image Source: microdothelmet.co

A Journey Through Motorcycle Helmet History

The Early Days: 1910s-1950s

Motorcycle helmets weren’t always the high-tech safety gear we know today. Their evolution reflects advancements in technology and a growing awareness of rider safety.

• Early 1900s: Motorcyclists initially used repurposed aviation helmets or even football helmets for protection. These offered minimal impact protection.
• 1914: Eric Gardner patented a helmet made of shellac and canvas, designed primarily to protect against sun and glare rather than impacts.
• 1935: T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) died in a motorcycle accident. His death spurred research into better head protection.
• 1941: Professor Cairns developed the first purpose-built motorcycle helmet, designed to absorb impact energy. It wasn’t widely adopted.
• Post-WWII: Leather helmets became popular, offering some abrasion resistance but minimal impact protection. These are highly sought after vintage motorcycle helmets today.

The Rise of the Modern Helmet: 1950s-1970s

The 1950s and 60s saw significant changes in helmet design and materials.

• 1953: The Snell Memorial Foundation was established to promote helmet safety standards following the death of race car driver Pete Snell.
• 1954: Bell Helmets released the “500,” a revolutionary helmet featuring a fiberglass shell and expanded polystyrene (EPS) liner for impact absorption.
• 1960s: Open-face helmets were dominant, offering a wide field of vision. However, they lacked face protection.
• Late 1960s: Full-face helmets started gaining popularity, offering better protection but were often heavier and less ventilated.
• 1966: The U.S. National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act mandated federal safety standards for motorcycle helmets. This marks a key point in helmet safety standards history.
• 1970s: Introduction of thermoplastic helmet shells as a lower-cost alternative to fiberglass.

Modern Innovations: 1980s-Present

The late 20th and early 21st centuries have witnessed continuous improvements in helmet technology.

• 1980s: Improved ventilation systems and lighter materials like carbon fiber became more common.
• 1990s: Development of advanced EPS liners with varying densities to better absorb impact energy.
• 2000s: Introduction of features like integrated sun visors, Bluetooth communication systems, and improved aerodynamics.
• Present: Development of technologies like MIPS (Multi-directional Impact Protection System) to reduce rotational forces on the brain during angled impacts.

Safety First: Evaluating Old Motorcycle Helmets

Can I safely wear an old motorcycle helmet? No, generally it’s NOT recommended to wear an old motorcycle helmet for regular riding. Even if it looks fine, the materials degrade over time, impacting its protective abilities.

Wearing a vintage motorcycle helmet, antique motorcycle helmet, classic motorcycle helmet, or even a retro motorcycle helmet for actual riding can be risky. Here’s why:

Degradation of Materials

• Shell Materials: Helmet shell materials like fiberglass and thermoplastics degrade over time due to UV exposure, temperature fluctuations, and general aging. This weakens the shell, making it more likely to crack or shatter in an impact.
• EPS Liner: The EPS liner hardens and becomes brittle with age, losing its ability to absorb impact energy effectively. This is a crucial aspect of helmet safety.
• Adhesives: Glues used to bond the liner to the shell can dry out and fail, compromising the helmet’s structural integrity.

Obsolete Safety Standards

• Outdated Certifications: Old helmets may not meet current safety standards like DOT (Department of Transportation), ECE (Economic Commission for Europe), or Snell. These standards have evolved significantly over the years.
• Limited Testing: Older helmets were often tested to less rigorous standards than modern helmets.

Unknown History

• Hidden Damage: An old helmet may have sustained damage in a previous accident that isn’t visible. Even a minor impact can compromise its protective capabilities.

When Can You Use an Old Helmet?

• Display: Old helmets are fantastic for display purposes, adding a touch of history and style to your collection.
• Photo Shoots/Movies: For staged events, period-correct helmets can enhance the authenticity of the scene.
• Low-Speed Events: In very specific cases, like vintage motorcycle shows with slow-speed demonstrations (check local rules), an old helmet might be acceptable, but only with extreme caution and clear communication that it’s for show, not for real protection.

Bottom line: If you’re planning to ride a motorcycle, always invest in a new helmet that meets current safety standards.

Decoding Helmet Safety Certifications

Different certifications mean different levels of testing and safety assurance.

Certification	Origin	Description
DOT	United States	Minimum safety standard required for all helmets sold in the US.
ECE 22.05/22.06	Europe	Widely recognized international standard. Generally considered more rigorous than DOT. The 22.06 standard is the newest.
Snell	United States	Voluntary standard known for its stringent testing requirements. Often preferred by racers and serious riders.
SHARP	United Kingdom	Independent testing program that rates helmets on a scale of 1 to 5 stars based on impact performance.

Restoration: Bringing Old Helmets Back to Life (Cosmetically)

Can I restore an old motorcycle helmet? Yes, you can restore an old motorcycle helmet cosmetically for display or collection purposes, but never for actual use on the road. Old helmet restoration focuses on preserving its appearance, not its safety.

Evaluating the Helmet’s Condition

• Shell Integrity: Check for cracks, chips, or signs of delamination (separation of layers). If the shell is severely damaged, restoration may not be worthwhile.
• Liner Condition: Assess the condition of the EPS liner. If it’s crumbling or heavily damaged, it’s a sign of age and degradation.
• Hardware: Inspect the chin strap, buckles, and rivets for rust, corrosion, or damage.

Cleaning and Preparation

• Gentle Cleaning: Use mild soap and water to clean the shell. Avoid harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners.
• Removing Old Decals: Carefully remove any old decals or stickers using a heat gun or adhesive remover.
• Sanding: Lightly sand the shell to create a smooth surface for painting. Use fine-grit sandpaper.

Painting and Refinishing

• Primer: Apply a primer specifically designed for plastics or fiberglass.
• Painting: Use high-quality automotive paint. Apply several thin coats, allowing each coat to dry completely.
• Clear Coat: Apply a clear coat to protect the paint and give it a glossy finish.
• Customization: Consider adding custom graphics or pinstriping to personalize your helmet.

Helmet Liner Replacement

Can I replace the liner in my vintage helmet? Yes, you can often replace the helmet liner replacement. It is a good way to improve the look and comfort, but it will NOT make it safe to use. The EPS inside the helmet still degrades over time.
* Finding Replacement Liners: Search for aftermarket replacement liners that are compatible with your helmet model.
* Custom Liners: If you can’t find a pre-made liner, consider having one custom-made by an upholstery shop.
* Installing the Liner: Carefully glue or attach the new liner to the shell, ensuring a secure fit.

Replacing Hardware

• Chin Straps: Replace worn or damaged chin straps with new ones. Use high-quality nylon webbing and secure buckles.
• Visors: Replace scratched or cracked visors with new ones. Ensure the visor is compatible with your helmet.

Important Note: While restoration can improve the appearance of an old helmet, it cannot restore its safety. Always prioritize safety and wear a new, certified helmet when riding.

Motorcycle Helmet Collecting

Who is interested in motorcycle helmet collecting? Motorcycle enthusiasts, vintage collectors, and history buffs are often interested in motorcycle helmet collecting. Collecting vintage motorcycle helmets can be a rewarding hobby. Here are some tips:

Research and Identification

• Identifying Brands and Models: Learn about different helmet brands and models from different eras. Research their history and significance.
• Dating Helmets: Look for date stamps or manufacturing labels inside the helmet. This can help you determine its age.
• Authenticity: Be wary of fake or reproduction helmets. Research the features and markings of authentic helmets to avoid being scammed.

Building Your Collection

• Start Small: Begin by focusing on a specific era, brand, or style of helmet.
• Attend Motorcycle Events: Visit motorcycle shows, swap meets, and auctions to find helmets for your collection.
• Online Marketplaces: Browse online marketplaces like eBay, Craigslist, and specialized vintage motorcycle forums.
• Networking: Connect with other helmet collectors to share information and trade helmets.

Displaying Your Collection

• Display Cases: Use display cases to protect your helmets from dust and damage.
• Wall Mounts: Mount your helmets on the wall using helmet hangers or display racks.
• Proper Lighting: Use appropriate lighting to showcase your collection.
• Storage: Store helmets in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

Ethical Considerations

• Preservation: Handle old helmets with care to preserve their condition.
• Transparency: When selling or trading helmets, be honest about their condition and history.
• Safety: Never sell a helmet for riding purposes unless it meets current safety standards and is in good condition.

Helmet Sizing Guide Vintage

How to determine the correct size when purchasing a vintage helmet? Getting the correct size for a vintage helmet can be tricky. Use a helmet sizing guide vintage as a starting point, but remember that sizes may vary between brands and eras. Also, internal padding can deteriorate making the helmet fit differently than originally intended.

Here’s a general guide:

1. Measure Your Head: Use a flexible measuring tape to measure the circumference of your head, about one inch above your eyebrows and ears.
2. Consult a Sizing Chart: Compare your head measurement to a sizing chart provided by the helmet manufacturer or retailer.
3. Try It On: If possible, try the helmet on before purchasing it. Make sure it fits snugly but not too tightly.
4. Check for Pressure Points: Ensure there are no pressure points or discomfort.
5. Perform a Fit Test: Once the helmet is on, try to move it from side to side and up and down. The helmet should move with your head, not independently.
6. Consider the Cheek Pads: Make sure the cheek pads fit snugly against your cheeks.

Keep in mind that helmet sizing guide vintage may differ from modern sizing charts. It’s always best to try on a helmet before buying it, especially when dealing with vintage models.

Common Misconceptions

• “My old helmet looks fine, so it must be safe.” This is false. As mentioned earlier, materials degrade even if the helmet appears undamaged.
• “Restoring the helmet makes it safe to wear again.” Restoration only improves the appearance, not the safety.
• “All old helmets are valuable.” Not all old helmets are collector’s items. Rarity, condition, and historical significance determine value.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• What is the lifespan of a motorcycle helmet?
  • Typically, a motorcycle helmet should be replaced every 3-5 years, regardless of its appearance or usage.
• How do I clean my motorcycle helmet?
  • Use mild soap and water to clean the shell and liner. Avoid harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners.
• Can I paint my motorcycle helmet?
  • Yes, you can paint your motorcycle helmet, but use high-quality automotive paint and follow proper painting techniques.
• Where can I find vintage motorcycle helmets for sale?
  • You can find vintage motorcycle helmets at motorcycle shows, swap meets, online marketplaces, and specialized vintage motorcycle forums.
• What is the best way to store a motorcycle helmet?
  • Store your motorcycle helmet in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
• Are open-face helmets as safe as full-face helmets?
  • No, open-face helmets offer less protection than full-face helmets, as they do not protect the face and chin.
• What is MIPS technology in a motorcycle helmet?
  • MIPS (Multi-directional Impact Protection System) is a technology that reduces rotational forces on the brain during angled impacts.
• Why are old helmets not considered safe?
  • The materials used in old helmets degrade over time, reducing their ability to absorb impact energy effectively.
• How do I know if a helmet has been in an accident?
  • Check for cracks, dents, or signs of impact damage. If you suspect a helmet has been in an accident, it’s best to replace it.
• Can I use a vintage helmet for display purposes?
  • Yes, vintage helmets are great for display purposes and can add a touch of history and style to your collection.

This comprehensive guide provides insights into old motorcycle helmets, from their history and safety considerations to restoration and collecting. Remember, safety should always be the top priority when riding a motorcycle. Always wear a new, certified helmet that fits properly. Enjoy your collecting journey!